Common cations[19]
Common name | Formula | Historic name
--- | --- | ---
Monatomic cations
Aluminium | Al3+ |
Barium | Ba2+ |
Beryllium | Be2+ |
Calcium | Ca2+ |
Chromium(III) | Cr3+ |
Copper(I) | Cu+ | cuprous
Copper(II) | Cu2+ | cupric
Gold(I) | Au+ | aurous
Gold(III) | Au3+ | auric
Hydrogen | H+ |
Iron(II) | Fe2+ | ferrous
Iron(III) | Fe3+ | ferric
Lead(II) | Pb2+ | plumbous
Lead(IV) | Pb4+ | plumbic
Lithium | Li+ |
Magnesium | Mg2+ |
Manganese(II) | Mn2+ | manganous
Manganese(III) | Mn3+ | manganic
Manganese(IV) | Mn4+ |
Mercury(II) | Hg2+ | mercuric
Potassium | K+ | kalic
Silver | Ag+ | argentous
Sodium | Na+ | natric
Strontium | Sr2+ |
Tin(II) | Sn2+ | stannous
Tin(IV) | Sn4+ | stannic
Zinc | Zn2+ |
Polyatomic cations
Ammonium | NH+4 |
Hydronium | H3O+ |
Mercury(I) | Hg2+2 | mercurous
Common anions[19]
Formal name | Formula | Alt. name
--- | --- | ---
Monatomic anions
Azide | N−3 |
Bromide | Br− |
Carbide | C− |
Chloride | Cl− |
Fluoride | F− |
Hydride | H− |
Iodide | I− |
Nitride | N3− |
Phosphide | P3− |
Oxide | O2− |
Sulfide | S2− |
Selenide | Se2− |
Oxoanions (Polyatomic ions)[19]
Carbonate | CO2−3 |
Chlorate | ClO−3 |
Chromate | CrO2−4 |
Dichromate | Cr2O2−7 |
Dihydrogen phosphate | H2PO−4 |
Hydrogen carbonate | HCO−3 | bicarbonate
Hydrogen sulfate | HSO−4 | bisulfate
Hydrogen sulfite | HSO−3 | bisulfite
Hydroxide | OH− |
Hypochlorite | ClO− |
Monohydrogen phosphate | HPO2−4 |
Nitrate | NO−3 |
Nitrite | NO−2 |
Perchlorate | ClO−4 |
Permanganate | MnO−4 |
Peroxide | O2−2 |
Phosphate | PO3−4 |
Sulfate | SO2−4 |
Sulfite | SO2−3 |
Superoxide | O−2 |
Thiosulfate | S2O2−3 |
Silicate | SiO4−4 |
Metasilicate | SiO2−3 |
Aluminium silicate | AlSiO−4 |
Anions from organic acids
Acetate | CH3COO− | ethanoate
Formate | HCOO− | methanoate
Oxalate | C2O2−4 | ethanedioate
Cyanide | CN− |